Introduction to Mendelian randomization, the problems with using traditional observational studies to investigate causality, and Randomized controlled trials as the gold standard for causal research.

Basic concepts in quantitative genetics, including Mendelian genetics, gene action (additive, dominant, recessive), heritability, liability threshold model, means, variances, structure of DNA, types ...

For more than a century, heredity has been framed through the tidy logic of Mendel’s pea plants: traits pass from parent to offspring by fixed genetic rules. But a new mouse study suggests that ...